If these do not work, several treatments are available to treat the pain and any infection. If the cyst is painful, a GP may recommend some simple self care measures, such as soaking the cyst in warm water several times a day for 3 or 4 days and taking painkillers you can buy from a pharmacy or shop. If you do not have any noticeable symptoms, it's unlikely you'll need treatment. It's often not known why the ducts become blocked, but some cases are linked to sexually transmitted bacterial infections (STIs), such as gonorrhoea or chlamydia, or other bacterial infections, such as Escherichia coli (E. If the ducts become blocked, they can fill with fluid and expand to form a cyst. The fluid travels down tiny tubes called ducts into the vagina. The Bartholin's glands secrete fluid that acts as a lubricant during sex. The glands are not usually noticeable because they're rarely larger than 1cm (0.4 inches) across. The Bartholin's glands are a pair of pea-sized glands found just behind and either side of the lips that surround the entrance to the vagina. ![]() A small sample of cyst tissue will be removed and examined under a microscope to check for signs of a rare type of vulval cancer called Bartholin's gland cancer. In some cases, your GP may recommend you have a biopsy. If they think the cyst or 1 of your Bartholin's glands may be infected, they may use a swab to remove a sample of discharge for analysis to identify the bacteria responsible. Small Bartholin's cysts are sometimes only found during a routine cervical screening test or an examination carried out for another reason.Īlways see a GP if you develop a lump in the area around your vagina so they can confirm a diagnosis and rule out more serious conditions. It can also cause a high temperature of 38C or above. Signs of an abscess include the affected area becoming red, swollen, tender and hot. If the cyst becomes infected, it can cause a painful collection of pus (abscess) to develop in 1 of the Bartholin's glands. One side may look swollen or bigger than usual. The cyst can sometimes affect the outer pair of lips surrounding the vagina (labia majora). You may feel pain in the skin surrounding the vagina (vulva) when you walk, sit down or have sex. This does not usually cause any problems.īut if the cyst grows very large, it can become noticeable and uncomfortable. ![]() A Bartholin's cyst, also called a Bartholin's duct cyst, is a small fluid-filled sac just inside the opening of a woman's vagina.
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